No screen - Am I at a DOS prompt, or am I in Cassette BASIC ?
Note that if you have an IBM 51xx computer, and you heard {two short beeps} during the power-on self test (POST), that means that an error occured, and unknown to you, the POST is prompting you with "ERROR. (RESUME = F1 KEY)". In which case, obviously, press the F1 key to allow the computer to continue the boot process.
DOS
If typing the following sequence of keys results in a beep, you are at a DOS prompt:
1. Press [e]
2. Press [c]
3. Press [h]
4. Press [o]
5. Press the space bar
6. Momentarily press [g] whilst the [CTRL] key is being held down
7. Press [ENTER]
Note: You may not hear a beep because DOS started, then ran something like a menu program (i.e. you are not at a DOS prompt).
Note: Simply pressing CTRL-G only (no 'echo ' in front) works in some versions of DOS, but not others. (IBM DOS 3.3 = Yes, MS-DOS 6.22 = No)
Technical: What you are doing is sending a CTRL-G character to the console. CTRL-G results in the byte of 07, which is the BELL character in ASCII.
Cassette BASIC
If entering (i.e. press ENTER after typing in the line) the following results in a beep, you are in Cassette BASIC:
print chr$(7)